compare and contrast the aztecs and the pueblo people?

Which of the following arguments is valid? Unlike the Spanish, who were heavy-handed and imposing in their conversion efforts, the Jesuits preferred to work with and through native communities in order to spread the word of God. In 1492, however, the Aztecs in Mexico City were at their peak. The Spaniards would fight to kill while the Aztecs would capture their enemies and sacrifice them to their gods. Cahokia was the hub of political and trading activities along the Mississippi River. were in awe of the sophistication of the Aztec civilization. Near the Temple of the Feathered Serpent, graves have been uncovered that suggest humans were sacrificed for religious purposes. How did native people shape the course of Spanish conquest? The Aztecs are a tribe, according to their own legends, from Aztlan somewhere in the north of modern Mexico. With these people and the Spanish's knowledge expansions, they overthrew the Aztec Empire. Their present-day descendants include the Hopi and Zuni tribes. The Aztec, Incan, and Pueblo Indigenous groups all experienced colonization and ultimate conquest by the Spanish. With the assistance of Tlaxcalan collaborators, Corts surrounded Tenochtitlan and eventually wore down its Start your 48-hour free trial to unlock this answer and thousands more. In short, the Maya came first, and settled in modern-day Mexico. This website or its third-party tools use cookies, which are necessary to its functioning and required to achieve the purposes illustrated in the cookie policy. Thanks so much for this! Direct link to louisaandgreta's post Illness played a much gr, Posted 2 years ago. Corn, or maize, domesticated by 5000 BCE, formed the basis of their diet. Southeastern Mexico, all of Guatemala and Belize, and the western portions of Honduras and El Salvador comprised of Maya. The Maya were located in the Yucatan Peninsula in Mexico, and they were also located in parts of Guatemala and Belize. The ultimate sacrifice was children, who were specially selected and well fed. He challenged the natives and entered Tenochtitlan, taking the Aztec leader, Montezuma, hostage which led to the Aztec uprising that culminated in La Noche Triste . After the decline of the Olmec, a city rose in the fertile central highlands of Mesoamerica. In the southwestern part of todays United States dwelled several groups we collectively call the Pueblo. The Aztecs founded their biggest city, Tenochtitlan, in A.D. 1325, meaning they were much younger than any of the other three. Today only a few survive. . Login details for this Free course will be emailed to you. They built many pyramids, some of which still stand today. Maya builds towering temples and elaborate palaces, Aztec build their capital city Tenochtitlan on an island, while Inca constructed stone temples without using mortars, yet the stone fit together so well that a knife would not fit between the stones. The Inca ruler required a third, and a third was set aside in a kind of welfare system for those unable to work. The Spanish did not return the favor, eventually kidnapping Emperor Montezuma and, using him as a puppet, ran the country. 2023 eNotes.com, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Turquoise was mostly used with Aztec artists; the most common example is the decorated human skull which represents the God Tezcatlipoca. What made these civilizations so great, was their trade networks, writing systems, and agricultural achievements., The Mongol ad Aztec empires evolved on opposite sides of the world and with different techniques. Although the cultivation of corn had made its way north, many Indians still practiced hunting and gathering. The Mayas' astrological observations and calendar have also received a lot of attention recently, due to the incorrect belief that the end of the Maya calendar predicted the end of the world in 2012. According to legend, the god Quetzalcoatl, characterized by light skin, red hair, and light eyes, was supposed to return to earth. eNotes.com will help you with any book or any question. to be a civilization that was loosely organized and strife-ridden. Making Connections Discussion This discussion is for critical thinking and historical analysis. In South America, early civilizations developed along the coast because the high Andes and the inhospitable Amazon Basin made the interior of the continent less favorable for settlement. Aztec civilization was built around corn cultivation. Their tribes were descendents of people who came from Siberia and Alaska during the ice age., The history of the Western hemisphere is full of war and conquest. Spanish colonization after Columbus accelerated the rivalry between Spain and Portugal to an unprecedented level. The Mayans, Aztecs and Incas shared some similarities like farming practices, social structures, military defenses and the worship of multiple gods. There was quite a bit of gold coming in. These foretellings were recorded after the Aztecs destruction. The Spanish first gave them this name, which means town or village, because they lived in towns or villages of permanent stone-and-mud buildings with thatched roofs. They were extremely advanced and had an army, laws, roads, bridges, tunnels . There is no fabrication here, What are some specific examples of political systems they had. Later settlers came by boat across the narrow strait. In times of dire emergency, however, such as in the aftermath of earthquakes, volcanoes, or crop failure, they resorted to sacrificing prisoners. Direct link to dcervante0051's post what were the spanish ast, Posted 5 years ago. *Please provide your correct email id. Between nine and fifteen thousand years ago, some scholars believe that a land bridge existed between Asia and North America that we now call Beringia. Once of the Europeans, Cortes found allies to take over the Aztec empire. Both cultures were obsessed with the stars and their movement in the heavens and they each built large observatories to watch and record what was happening, buildings that still exist to this day. Utilizing waterways, they developed trade routes stretching from Canada to Louisiana, where they exchanged goods with other tribes and negotiated in many different languages. Cortes the leader of the Spaniards brought eleven ships, five hundred and eight fighting men, one hundred sailors, two hundred indigenous slaves, and sixteen horses on his way to find gold and glory. Compare And Contrast Aztec And Inca Empire 1214 Words | 5 Pages . ("Compare and Contrast the Spaniards' Attitudes toward the Native Essay", n.d.) . They also hunted. These city-states ruled the area in and around the Valley of Mexico. Cortes knew nothing of the size and power of the Aztec empire and if he did, his decision to bring only a few hundred men was certainly a gross misjudgment. The monarchy was abolished and the republic was restored on 21 September 1979. The Anasazi learned how to use water for irrigation to water their crops. In my opinion, without this aspect the Incas most likely wouldn't of been as successful., Social structure, warfare habits together with religious beliefs and practices were passed down to the Aztecs which adapted it to their more developed society which was, Documents 4, 6, and 8 all show how similar Aztec cities were to European cities. . They do, however, give us insight into the importance placed upon signs and omens in the pre-Columbian world. They wrote in hieroglyphics, as did most of the cultures that followed them. Around the year 1200, Inca started settling in the Valley of Cuzco in the Andes Mountains of central Peru. Surrounded by farms relying on primitive agriculture, they built the city-states of Copan, Tikal, and Chichen Itza along their major trade routes, as well as temples, statues of gods, pyramids, and astronomical observatories. -The civilization of the Cahokia was highly elaborate and located along the Mississippi, The center of the city of Cahokia contained the largest earth contrasted, The central plaza was oriented exactly like that of the, Aztecs and Mayas on a north-south axis in order to keep track of the movement of the, Cahokia manufacturers mass-produced salt, knifes, and stone hoe blades. Maya people survived in farming villages on the Yucatan Peninsula and the highlands to the south. Women typically cultivated corn, beans, and squash and harvested nuts and berries, while men hunted, fished, and provided protection. Both Mayan and Aztec people believed in human sacrifices. Also, Smallpox spread, which killed most of the Inca. The Spaniards had the advantage over the Aztecs in every way except for numbers. Before being abolished, they managed to become the most advanced in their short life. Maya practiced Human Sacrifice and was polytheistic. Each god in the Aztec pantheon represented and ruled an aspect of the natural world, such as the heavens, farming, rain, fertility, sacrifice, and combat. Even though the Spaniards had advantages the Aztecs were able to defeat them once, before the epidemic struck., The author argues that the Spanish were completely at fault for the total destruction of the Aztec Empire. A chief or group of tribal elders made decisions, and although the chief was male, usually the women selected and counseled him. Kilometers. Inca was defeated by Spanish conquistadors led by Francisco Pizarro. Consider the Aztecs, Incas, Pueblo, the Iroquois league of tribes, Cahokia, and others. Most modern-day Mexicans are of mixed Aztec and European ancestry. Many of the mounds that were opened by archaeologists contained artworks and other goods that indicate their society was socially stratified. The Spanish had a full advantage in technology, since they were the side that were fighting to kill they had the equipment to do so. When Hernan Cortes came to the land of the heart of the Aztecs, he had brought unknown weapons and diseases to the Aztecs, as well as an army of men. It controlled its states through installing rulers, constructing marriage alliances, and asking for tribute. "Analyze the similarities and differences of the following Native American cultures on the eve of their encounter with Europeans: the Pueblo people of the Southwest; the tribes of the Mississippi Valley; and the Aztec, Mayan, and Incan empires." Continually moving southward, the settlers eventually populated both North and South America, creating unique cultures that ranged from the highly complex and urban Aztec civilization in what is now Mexico City to the woodland tribes of eastern North America. They lived in wattle-and-daub houses (made from woven lattice branches daubed with wet mud, clay, or sand and straw) and practiced agriculture, which they supplemented by hunting and fishing. The indigenous groups of the Mississippi River Valley initially made contact with French Jesuits in the seventeenth century. The Hohokam decorated pottery with a red-on-buff design and made jewelry of turquoise. With the arrival of Spanish settlers, the Navajo . Latest answer posted February 01, 2021 at 10:40:06 PM. This culture emerged in the Mississippi . Most recognizable are their giant head sculpturesand the pyramid in La Venta. For a while there, Exercise 8-9 Which of the following arguments is valid? 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Maya was ruled by prince and priests and was not abolished like other cultures but moderately disappeared. Although the rise of the Mongol and Aztec empires differed in the rights of women during the post classical period, they were similar in that both empires made people pay various forms of tribute., The Mesoamerican civilization of the Incas was Inevitably incredible. The story of this takeover reads like a movie script, a small band of Spaniards single handedly takes down the most powerful empire in Central America. By the time the Spanish first encountered the Pueblo peoples in the 1500s, . Both Corts and Pizarro were brutal in their treatment of the conquered peoples. They counseled the chief and passed on the traditions of the tribe. One of them is the incredible advantage that the Spaniards technology gave them over the Aztecs. The Aztecs didnt try to kill the Spaniards but instead tried to use them as sacrifices. The Habsburg dynastywho ruled over the territories of Austria, the Netherlands, Naples, Sicily, and Spainencouraged and financed a blossoming Spanish Renaissance culture, both, One of this periods most famous works is the novel. They also practiced human sacrifice. Ap World Compare and Contrast Essay. He also had a spy/translator to help communicate between the 2 nations, but most importantly, Cortes killed the Aztec emperor, and destroyed their religious temples! Though the area had no overarching political structure, trade over long distances helped diffuse culture. Next came the Olmecs, who also settled Mexico. Their tribute empire spread throughout Mesoamerica.The Maya people lived in southern Mexico and northern Central America a wide territory that includes the entire Yucatn Peninsula from as early as 2600 BC. A classic period city called Tikal was reconstructed by Maya, which was spread over 20 sq. Who had? Three major themes are seen in this struggle. How does the saying "ang hindi lumingon sa pinanggalingan ay hindi makakarating sa paroroonan" relate to history? From evidence such as Document 9, we can also tell they had a similar social structure. In general, the French interactions with the Illinois and other indigenous peoples of the Mississippi River Valley were much more mild and less violent than the Spanish conquests of the Pueblos, Aztecs, and Incas. Both Empires differed in society in which women in Mali tended to have more rights than women in an Aztec society whom they had little to no role in their society. 1. The city was destroyed. The Aztecs compared to modern day, has its differences and similarities. Scholars believe the city was used for religious ceremonial purposes and housed the priesthood. All in all, the French interactions with the peoples of the Mississippi Valley were much more mild and cooperative compared to the Spanish conquests. In addition, Hernan Cortess exploration of the Aztec territory led to an exchange of disease that helped lead to Cortess success. The Aztec Empire controlled Central America from what would later become Mexico City. In the 1480s, Pope Sixtus IV had granted Portugal the right to all land south of the Cape Verde islands, leading the Portuguese king to claim that the lands discovered by Columbus belonged to Portugal, not Spain. With these materials they created necklaces, woven mats, and exquisite carvings. Latest answer posted August 03, 2011 at 2:13:13 AM. The Africans were traded to American through the Triangular Slave Trade, which was a trading system in which American colonies would give raw materials farmed with slave power to Europe, who would give the manufactured textiles and other goods to certain African tribes, which would give their slaves to the Americas. They build statues like that of colossal Coatlicue or very alive and famous sculpture of a seated Xochipilli. Peasants received only one-third of their crops for themselves. The successes of Columbus ushered in an era of Spanish conquest that led numerous other European explorers to attempt similar colonization projects. The Inca people would weave colorful woolen cloths, which served as blankets for those who could afford them. The Spanish conquest of the Aztecs in 1521, led by Hernando Cortes, was a landmark victory for the European settlers. For example, the Maya lifestyle was greatly based on religion, with big temples known today as architectural wonders. 2022 - EDUCBA. I need to find which are valid and which are invalid. The two powers vied for domination through the acquisition of new lands. Latest answer posted October 06, 2019 at 11:40:56 AM. Why is the Elizabethan age called the Golden Age of England? With our Essay Lab, you can create a customized outline within seconds to get started on your essay right away. Tenochtitlan became the dominant city in the alliance, and their empire spread through both trade and military conquest. No groups had been exposed to horses or any working farm animal before Europeans arrived. They had strange animals that the Aztecs had never seen before such as the horse, which they thought were connected to the Spaniards. When the Spanish saw the resources that the Aztecs had, they quickly started taking advantage of the Aztecs weaknesses. According to legend, a warlike people called the Aztec (also known as the Mexica) had left a city called Aztln and traveled south to the site of present-day Mexico City. Both empires ruled at different times but both built massive temples to please their gods, kings and also used for astronomy. They were more advanced than Europeans in medicine, architecture, and agriculture, but less advanced in shipbuilding and use of iron. Envoys from surrounding tribes brought tribute to the Emperor. A drawing depicting Malintzin translating for Cortez and Aztes. Theyd beat them with their wooden weapons or throw spears at them to injure them. Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Running head: SOME AZTEC AND PUEBLO PARALLES, Cultural anthropologists often conduct numerous studies to compare and acknowledge, how certain cultures are related to others. All Rights Reserved. Many city states over time. . One of the largest population centers in pre-Columbian America and home to more than 100,000 people at its height in about 500 CE, Teotihuacan was located about thirty miles northeast of modern Mexico City. Inspired by tales of rivers of gold and timid, malleable native peoples, later Spanish explorers were relentless in their quest for land and gold. On the other hand, some Illinois women preferred the stable marriage rituals of the Catholic church to their customs, of which bride kidnapping was one. The Spanish then founded a new settlement, Mexico City, on the site of the capital, and began colonizing Central America. Already a member? In 1325, they began construction of Tenochtitln on an island in Lake Texcoco. Direct link to jonathand0412's post Why did the Spanish choos, Posted 3 years ago. Beginning about 600 CE, the Hohokam built an extensive irrigation system of canals to irrigate the desert and grow fields of corn, beans, and squash. All Rights Reserved. A few societies had evolved into relatively complex forms, but they were already in decline at the time of Christopher Columbuss arrival. What were the 34 most significant differences between ideas of regional identity in the North and in the South during the Civil War? There were tribal hunting grounds, usually identified by some geographical landmark, but there was no private ownership of land. The Hopi and Zuni, like other Pueblo Indians, live in settled villages and towns consisting of multi-story houses called pueblos. THE CERTIFICATION NAMES ARE THE TRADEMARKS OF THEIR RESPECTIVE OWNERS. By closing this banner, scrolling this page, clicking a link or continuing to browse otherwise, you agree to our Privacy Policy, Explore 1000+ varieties of Mock tests View more, 280+ Online Courses | 100+ projects | 2000+ Hours | Verifiable Certificates | Lifetime Access, Maya Training (10 Courses, 7+ Projects), Photoshop Training (10 Courses, 12+ Projects), Unreal Engine Training (12 Courses, 6+ Projects), They were mainly settled on and around Yucatan Peninsula in Central America, They lived in the Valley of Mexico in Central Mexico, They Comprised an empire in the Andes Mountain of South America. The Indian groups who lived in the present-day Ohio River Valley and achieved their cultural apex from the first century CE to 400 CE are collectively known as the Hopewell culture. First, the geographic regions in which these groups lived varied greatly. This map shows the extent of the major civilizations of the Western Hemisphere. According to legend, the Aztecs saw a vision telling them to settle on an island in Lake Texcoco, which they did in 1325 CE. A labor force of slaves from subjugated neighboring tribes had built the fabulous city and the three causeways that connected it to the mainland. Land, and the game that populated it, they believed, were there for the taking. The Maya people spread from southern Mexico, through to Guatemala, Belize, western Honduras and northern El Salvador. In 1562, Bishop Diego de Landa, who feared the converted natives had reverted to their traditional religious practices, collected and burned every codex he could find. By 1519, when Corts arrived, this settlement contained upwards of 200,000 inhabitants and was certainly the largest city in the Western Hemisphere at that time and probably larger than any European city. During the years 1200 to 1500 CE, two ideal empires, Mali of Sub - Saharan Africa and the Aztecs of the Americas developed into truly influential and powerful empires. Why can't they treat the native people with respect? The Inca civilization can be traced back to about A.D. 1200. The continuities and changes of both regions may be attributed to their relative geographic isolationism, with few outside forces affecting the religion of people in Mesoamerica., Among the many ancient civilizations in Latin America, the Incas were one of a kind. Gender roles were not as fixed as they were in the patriarchal societies of Europe, Mesoamerica, and South America. The Aztecs' leader Montecuhzoma was a weak leader, he was more of a coward, more concerned with his well being and safety than the safety of his people and kingdom so he quickly surrendered under pressure. Said Quzatli to the sovereign, Oh mighty lord, if because I tell you the truth I am to die, nevertheless I am here in your presence and you may do what you wish to me! He narrated that mounted men would come to this land in a great wooden house [ships] this structure was to lodge many men, serving them as a home; within they would eat and sleep. Not only did they have a large influential impact, they were also highly affected by other cultures. Google Apps. They had cannons on their ships and carried shields and swords, while the Aztecs had spears and wooden shields. There was an independent ruler for each city-state. Not only did the Spanish have many advantages over the Aztecs, but also they also exploited them and took advantage of the cultural difference. However, the Pueblo people were skillful in developing different waterways for their agriculture system, they successfully domesticated animals, and they had similar . The Maya people lived in southern Mexico and northern Central America a wide territory that includes the entire Yucatn Peninsula from as early as 2600 BC. Furthermore, many of the Illinois actually preferred to interact with French colonialists. These acts influenced the power of the Aztecs, I think the Aztecs were more impressive, in one of the captions I read that one of their squares was twice as large as the city of Salamanca surrounded by porticoes daily sixty thousand people are buying and selling all kinds of merchandise that the world has to offer embracing the necessaries things of life. Mayan History. Although Tenochtiltan was destroyed, many notable sites remain in the Valley of Mexico. The Navajo, on the other hand, have never lived in towns. Their tribute empire spread throughout Mesoamerica. dealing with the arrival of the Europeans. Many cave sites are also important to Maya archaeology, including Jolja Cave, the Candelaria Caves and the Cave of the Witch. connected to the mainland by three broad causeways and supplied with drinkable water, Their supreme rulers power was just as extensive as any, The first Spaniards that entered the city of Tenochtitlan. Direct link to trell2267's post Why didn't the spanish ju, Posted 2 years ago. Starting in 1532, the Spanish also began the conquest of Peru, specifically the Incan empire, under the command of Francisco Pizarro. Ultimately, this article provides us with precise examples and, accurate/dependable in-text citations, but simultaneously lacking reliable sources describing the. When the Spaniard Hernn Corts arrived on the coast of Mexico in the sixteenth century, at the site of present-day Veracruz, he soon heard of a great city ruled by an emperor named Moctezuma. I've read that the reasons for Spanish conquest could be summed up with three words: "Gold, Glory, God.". What impact did Europeans have on their New World environmentsmeaning native peoples and their communities as well as ecological elements such as What are some similarities and differences between the United Farm Workers and the American Indian Movement.

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